Globally, trauma is the leading cause of death among individuals under the age of 40. In traumatic events, the emergency department environment is often stressful and time critical. A coordinated and structured management by the trauma team, consisting of experts in their respective roles, is required to ensure the best possible care. Through nursing competence, the nurse can support the patient’s understanding in an unfamiliar situation.

Traumatic events often involve both emotional and physical vulnerability for the affected individual, and healthcare professionals’ actions may have a decisive impact on the patient’s overall experience of care. The aim of this literature review was to describe patients’ experiences of emergency department care after trauma.

The chosen method was a non-systematic literature review including 15 scientific articles, of which 14 had a qualitative approach and one had a mixed-methods design. Two main themes emerged from the results: the experience of healthcare professionals’ approach and the experience of participation and control in the care situation. Four subthemes were identified within these main themes. Under the theme of healthcare professionals’ approach, the subthemes being seen and acknowledged and not being seen or taken seriously emerged. The theme of participation and control in the care situation included the subthemes participation through information and communication and loss of control and feelings of exclusion.

The conclusion shows that patients’ experiences of emergency department care after trauma are influenced by both healthcare professionals’ approach and medical interventions. A person-centered approach and communicative behavior by healthcare professionals are crucial to strengthen patients’ sense of safety, trust, and participation in a vulnerable and acute situation.

Cardiac arrest is an acute and life-threatening condition that requires immediate intervention, where cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is crucial for survival. Resuscitation is often performed within emergency care settings, such as prehospital emergency services, emergency departments, and intensive care units, and in some situations may be witnessed by family members. International guidelines emphasize the importance of a family-centred approach even in acute care situations; however, there is limited knowledge regarding family members themselves experience being present during CPR in emergency care settings.

The aim of this study was to describe family members’ experiences of being present during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in emergency care. The study was conducted using a nonsystematic literature review with a qualitative approach. Data collected was performed through database searches in CINAHL and PubMed. In total of sixteen scientific original articles were included and quality appraised using Sophiahemmet University’s assessment tool for classification and quality evaluation of scientific studies with quantitative and qualitative approaches (Appendix A) The data were analyzed using an integrated thematic analysis.

The results revealed three overarching themes describing family members’ experiences. Family members expressed a strong desire to be present during resuscitation, where their presence could create a sense of involvement, understanding of the care situation, and an opportunity for farewell. At the same time, the situation was experienced as emotionally demanding and characterised by shock, anxiety, and helplessness. Continuous and clear information, as well as an empathetic and supportive approach from healthcare professionals, were described as crucial for the experience of safety. Following the event, there remained a need for support, follow-up, and opportunities to process the experience, regardless of whether the patient survived or died.

The conclusion is that a structured and family-centered approach to caring for family members during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation can strengthen their experience and reduce the risk of long-term psychological distress. The study highlights the need for clear routines, defined roles, and educational interventions that enable safe and supportive care for family members even in acute resuscitation situations.

Background

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is a globally growing public health problem. Self-care is a central part of treatment and places high demands on a person's ability to take responsibility for the various segments, where blood glucose monitoring plays an important role. Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) is a new technology that involves continuous measurement of blood glucose levels and is becoming an increasingly common tool in self-care.

Aim

The aim was to describe experiences of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus regarding using CGM as part of self-care.

Method

A non-systematic literature review was used as the study design and included 12 scientific articles. The databases used were PubMed and CINAHL. All included articles underwent a quality review based on Sophiahemmet University's assessment criteria and the results were analysed using an integrated analysis method.

Results

The results were compiled into two main categories, using CGM as a support for self-care and challenges and limitations of using CGM. Most people felt that CGM contributed to an increased understanding of the disease, which facilitated positive behavioural changes. The availability of continuous data provided new insights into how diet and physical activity affected blood glucose levels. Among the challenges that emerged, lack of reliability and difficulties for older people to handle the technology were the most prominent. The continuous data could also give some people a feeling of being monitored and contribute to stress.

Conclusions

CGM can be seen as a valuable tool in self-care for people with DM2 and, in accordance with Orem's theory, can be seen as a resource that strengthens self-care capacity. However, varying digital competence and psychological aspects can constitute an obstacle to optimal use, especially in older people, which underlines that the benefit of CGM can be influenced by individual conditions and the need for education and support.

Background 

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an incurable, chronic, and irreversible lung disease of unknown cause. The symptoms develop progressively over time, which often leads to the diagnosis being made at a later stage of the disease. Common symptoms include fatigue, breathlessness, and persistent cough, which are typical characteristics of the condition. These symptoms limit the individual’s physical functioning and may contribute to social isolation and psychological distress, which in turn affect the individual’s perceived quality of life. Currently, there is limited knowledge about how patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis experience their symptoms and how these affect their quality of life.

Aim 

The aim of this study is to explore how adult patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis experience their symptoms and quality of life.

Method 

This study used a non-systematic literature review as a method to address the aim. Literature searches were conducted in the databases PubMed and CINAHL using search terms such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, quality of life, and life experiences. The study is based on a total of ten scientific articles with a qualitative approach. The identified articles were reviewed and analyzed to identify and compare patterns in adult patients’ experiences of symptoms and quality of life in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Results 

The results were based on ten scientific articles and showed that patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis experience a significant impact on both physical and psychosocial quality of life. Common symptoms such as breathlessness, fatigue, and cough limited the patients’ daily activities and independence. The disease also caused emotional reactions such as shock, anxiety, and sadness, and contributed to social isolation and changes in relationships. To manage everyday life, patients used various strategies, such as energy-conserving adjustments and psychological coping strategies. The results also showed that support from healthcare professionals, clear information, and access to treatment and rehabilitation were of great importance for patients’ sense of control, well-being, and quality of life.

Conclusions 

The results show that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has a significant impact on patients’ quality of life and everyday life. Symptoms such as breathlessness, fatigue, and cough limit patients’ physical ability and affect their psychological and social well-being. Patients use various strategies and adaptations to manage the impact of the disease in their daily lives.

Background 

Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, and a large proportion of the global burden is found in low- and middle-income countries. In these contexts, access to rehabilitation and formal support is often limited, meaning that responsibility for care largely falls on family members. From a nursing perspective, it is therefore important to understand the experiences of informal caregivers in order to develop supportive interventions. 

Aim 

The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of family members acting as informal caregivers to persons affected by stroke in low- and middle-income countries. 

Method 

The study was designed as a non-systematic literature review with an integrative approach. Data were collected through structured searches in CINAHL and PubMed, resulting in 14 qualitative original articles published between 2015 and 2025. The analysis was conducted using an inductive approach. 

Results 

The findings indicate that family members experience a substantial physical, psychological, and financial burden affecting health, everyday life, and social participation. The role of an informal caregiver also involves changes in daily life and social roles, as well as reduced social participation. The analysis resulted in four main categories: physical, psychological and financial burden, changes in everyday life and social roles, experiences of information, support and rehabilitation, and strategies for coping and adaptation. Lack of information, limited access to support, and structural barriers complicate caregiving. At the same time, caregivers develop different strategies to manage the situation. 

Conclusions 

Informal caregivers in low- and middle-income countries play a central role in post-stroke care but often lack sufficient support. The findings highlight the need for nursing interventions that include family members through information, education, and support, as well as the importance of a family-centered approach to promote a more sustainable caregiving situation. 

Background Patients with chronic illness in a palliative stage often have their mental and physical well-being negatively affected in different dimensions that affect the person's life and self. Physical activity, including everyday tasks, is important for health and well-being. Patients' functional abilities are often limited by symptoms such as pain, fatigue, shortness of breath, and reduced mobility. Physical activity in the form of exercise and movement is intended to improve and preserve the physical functions they had before the chronic illness.

Aim The aim was to describe how patients with palliative care needs experience physical activity.

Method A structured literature review was conducted. Searches were made in two databases and through manual search that resulted in 12 articles. These were reviewed with regard to quality. The method used was qualitative content analysis.

Results Four main categories with ten subcategories were identified. The result reflects palliative care patients' experiences of physical activity. Patients experienced that everyday activities were important for their self-perception and for gaining a sense of control over their life and health. Physical activity could also contribute to several health benefits for their functional and mental well-being. For some, physical activity added meaning to life and gave increasedexistential value. Physical activity reminded patients of their limitations and prevented them from doing certain activities; patients could feel that their self-perception was threatened.

Conclusion The literature reviews findings are that physical activity can be experienced in different ways for patients in a palliative stage. The sense of self can be strengthened and threatened, and illness was a major contributing factor to patients being unable to fully engage in activities.

Background 

Digital legacy refers to the digital traces left behind after a person’s death, such as social media accounts, memorial pages, images, messages, voice recordings, and videos. There is currently no legal regulation of digital legacy, and ethical challenges surround the phenomenon. In palliative care, where communication and support for bereaved individuals are central, questions arise regarding how digital legacy should be addressed.

Aim 

The aim was to map how patients, bereaved individuals, and healthcare professionals relate to digital legacy in the context of dying and death.

Methods 

An integrative literature review with an inductive approach was conducted, based on original studies retrieved from the databases CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO. The analysis followed Whittemore and Knafl’s integrative method and included both qualitative and quantitative studies. The results are based on 12 included articles.

Results 

Three main themes and six subthemes were identified. The main themes were: Digital legacy as relational continuity, Emotional ambivalence and existential burden, and Uncertainties regarding participation, planning and the relevance of digital legacies. All three perspectives were represented across the themes. Digital legacy may support relational continuity and collective remembrance, but it can also evoke ambivalence and function as a barrier in the grieving process. Digital legacy is described as having a place in palliative care, but in a context of uncertainty regarding responsibility, relevance, and knowledge.

Conclusions 

Digital legacy emerges as a meaningful component of a comprehensive end-of-life experience within the context of dying and death. Increased awareness and further research are needed to understand its role in palliative care. By acknowledging digital legacy, healthcare professionals can identify its importance for the individual and support its use as a resource for patients and relatives, both pre- and post-mortem.

Background 

Motor neuron diseases (MND) characterize a group of rare neurodegenerative diseases of unknown aetiology, of which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common. In Sweden approximately 200-250 people fall ill annually. The condition leads to progressive degradation of the body’s motoric nerve cells and currently is without a cure. The diagnostic process includes pre-diagnostic uncertainty, diagnosis with transition to lifelimiting diagnosis, and subsequent integration and management of the disease, often a long process with physical, psychological, social and existential challenges. Previous research mainly focuses on the experiences from the perspective of healthcare providers and relatives, which motivates the need for this study’s focus on people with MND/ALS own experiences. 

Aim 

The purpose of this study is to illuminate people’s experiences of the diagnostic process in motor neuron disease/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (MND/ALS). 

Method 

The design of the study was a non-systematic literature review based on 12 scientific articles. The result was compiled through integrative thematic analysis and reflected people’s experiences throughout the diagnostic process. 

Results 

The analysis resulted in three main themes and eight sub-themes: Diagnosis as a turning point in an existence characterized by uncertainty (seeking answers in a diffuse and prolonged process, being seen or made invisible, the world is turned upside down). Navigating a changed life (when the body and identity are reshaped, practical and concrete handling of everyday life, navigating care and information). Existential adjustment - between hope and hopelessness (when hope is shattered, regaining control). 

Conclusions 

The study demonstrates that people with MNS/ALS undergo a multidimensional process characterized by uncertainty, practical challenges and existential adjustment during the phases of diagnosis. The diagnosis appears as a crucial turning point where uncertainty is replaced by insight into a complex and life-limiting illness. Findings highlight efforts to navigate changes in identity, daily life, relationships and search of meaning in a new reality. Key aspects concerning communication, information and healthcare support underscore the need for person-centered care, where the integration of comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness becomes crucial for the individuals’ sense of coherence. The nurse plays an important role in meeting these needs through communication, patient participation and continuity of care.

Background 

Palliative care requires effective coordination and communication between healthcare professionals, patients, and relatives. Hierarchical structures, unclear roles, and delayed discussions regarding goals of care may hinder interprofessional collaboration and reduce patient involvement.

Aim 

The aim of this literature review was to describe nurses’ experiences of communication within the interprofessional team, including patients and relatives, during the transition of care towards palliative care in inpatient settings and residential care facilities.

Methods 

The thesis was conducted as a literature review with a qualitative approach. Data collection was based on searches in the databases PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, focusing on nurse, experience, communication, teamwork, and palliative care. The selection process was carried out in two steps: title and abstract screening followed by full-text review based on inclusion criteria. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results 

The findings indicate that nurses play an important role in communication and coordination during the transition to palliative care. Four main themes were identified: the nurse as a coordinating link, power and hierarchy within the team, communication barriers and ethical dilemmas, and patient and family involvement in relation to organisational and competencerelated conditions. The findings highlight how nurses’ experiences influence quality of care, support person-centred care, and shape interprofessional collaboration.

Conclusions 

Effective coordination relies on shared goals, shared knowledge, and mutual respect, which facilitate decision-making, early identification of needs, and inclusive teamwork. The findings indicate that interprofessional education, continuous communication, and organisational support are essential for recognising and including nurses’ competence in the care process.

Background: Stroke is one of the world’s leading causes of death, impacting millions annually. The disorder requires acute treatment to preserve cerebral and neurological function and to reduce risk for future injuries. Available treatments are proven to be effective and can significantly reduce chronic impairment. Providing treatment for patients with stroke is an extensive process, the care given must be guided by the unique needs of the patient. Analysing the patients’ experiences can result in greater knowledge and understanding of the stroke during its onset.

Aim: The study aimed to explore the patients’ experiences during stroke onset.

Method: Findings in this paper were derived from a non-systematic literature review with integrated analysis. The data collection for this study was done using the biomedical databases PubMed and CINAHL, culminating in a choice of 15 articles that were evaluated qualitatively. The analysis of these 15 articles revealed two main themes and five sub-themes, which are presented in the results.

Results: The results of the study are presented based on the following sub-themes: the sudden bodily changes and their consequences; the emotional and cognitive reactions during onset of disease; the patients’ preceding experiences and knowledge that influence their decision-making; and the social relationships of the patient and their significance concerning medical care-seeking, the points of contact for care and the challenges presented during medical care-seeking. The patients experienced bodily changes and emotional reactions alongside the stroke onset. The decision to seek care in a rapid manner was not always the patients’ first reaction, some patients experienced a prolonged decision-making process before they sought care.

Conclusion: The results highlighted the patients’ experiences and the challenges of care-seeking. The onset of stroke presents with emotional reactions and bodily changes.

Background 

Pressure ulcers are a significant healthcare problem that cause considerable suffering for affected individuals and result in high costs for the healthcare system. This literature review aims to highlight nursing interventions for preventing the development of pressure ulcers and for promoting healing, thereby reducing the healing time in patients.

Aim 

The aim of this literature review is to synthesize existing research on nursing interventions for the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers in adult patients. 

Method

A non-systematic literature review based on 10 original research articles.

Results 

Three themes were identified: nursing structure, preventive interventions, and nutrition. The results show that early risk assessment and the implementation of preventive measures are central factors in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers.

Conclusions 

Early risk assessment to identify patients at risk of pressure ulcers, followed by comprehensive and continuous nursing care in which skin inspection, skin care, repositioning, nutrition, and teamwork are integrated into daily care, is essential for the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers.

Bakgrund

Bröstcancer och gynekologisk cancer drabbar främst kvinnor, och är kopplade till livsstilsfaktorer där fysisk inaktivitet och ohälsosamma matvanor anges som riskfaktorer för cancer och cancerrelaterad fatigue (CRF). Cancerrelaterad fatigue är ett vanligt symtom vid cancer, och nästintill alla upplever CRF i någon utsträckning. Det beskrivs som en påtaglig, varaktig trötthet som upplevs under längre tid och inte går att vila bort. Då det idag saknas adekvata behandlingsmetoder för cancerrelaterad fatigue, finns ett intresse för att sammanställa befintlig forskning i ämnet kring hur personcentrering kan användas för att underlätta cancerrelaterad fatigue genom egenvårdsåtgärder.

Syfte

Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt är att sammanfatta betydelsen av egenvårdsåtgärder, såsom hälsosamma matvanor och fysisk aktivitet i relation till fatigue hos kvinnor som har eller haft bröst- eller gynekologisk cancer.

Metod

En icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt genomfördes med en integrerad analys. 13 vetenskapliga artiklar inhämtades ur databaserna PubMed och CINAHL utifrån bestämda urvalskriterier, med en strukturerad sökning som utfördes i sökblock. Samtliga artiklar kvalitetsgranskades med Sophiahemmets modifierade generella mall för bedömningsunderlag enligt Caldwell et al. (2011). Resultaten sammanställdes genom att hitta mönster som kondenserades till kategorier.

Resultat

Resultatet identifierade två huvudkategorier: Fysisk aktivitet och betydelsen för cancerrelaterad fatigue & Hälsosamma matvanor och betydelsen för cancerrelaterad fatigue. Fem subkategorier har identifierats: Det stillasittande beteendets betydelse för cancerrelaterad fatigue, Träningsintensitet kan spela roll för cancerrelaterad fatigue, Långvarig påverkan på cancerrelaterad fatigue av fysisk aktivitet, Hälsosamma matvanor minskar cancerrelaterad fatigue & Riskfaktorer för cancerrelaterad fatigue. Fysisk aktivitet minskar cancerrelaterad fatigue i högre grad än vad hälsosamma matvanor gör, även om båda egenvårdsåtgärderna minskar graden av fatigue.

Slutsats

Fysisk aktivitet och hälsosamma matvanor är effektiva egenvårdsåtgärder för att minska fatigue hos kvinnor med bröst- eller gynekologisk cancer. Sjuksköterskans ansvar i omvårdnaden är central, då personcentrerad vård möjliggör egenvård, som i längden minskar lidande för patienten och minskar graden av fatigue.

Pain is a common reason for seeking care in prehospital emergency settings and is a major source of suffering for patients. Studies show that patients’ experiences of pain are difficult to assess in emergency care compared with what the patient actually feels, and both over‑ and undertreatment occur. The aim of this study was to illuminate patients’ experiences of pain management in the acute care chain. The method was a non‑systematic literature review with an integrative analysis following Polit and Beck. An inductive approach was used to explore the phenomenon. Data collection resulted in 16 articles. The review process was structured according to Polit and Beck’s nine‑step model, and the material was analysed using qualitative content analysis according to Lindgren et al. The results show that patients’ experiences of pain management are influenced by both medical and relational factors. Pharmacological treatment is central, but communication, validation, participation, and information also play a crucial role in how pain relief is experienced. Furthermore, poor communication, prejudice, and inadequate treatment create barriers in patient care. This may lead to anxiety, increased suffering, and a sense that the patient’s pain is not taken seriously. The conclusion is that the patient’s experience of pain management is influenced by the caregiver’s ability to communicate, validate, and initiate adequate pain-relieving interventions tailored to the patient’s individual needs, and that the caregiver’s inability to identify these needs risks increasing the patient’s suffering.

Every year, millions of people suffer from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) across the world. Even though there are knowledge of the common causes and the increased risk of a new cardiac events amongst individuals with previous disease, the adherence to secondary prevention is often low. 

The aim was to highlight factors that affect patients adherence to medical and lifestyle-related secondary preventive recommendations after acute coronary syndrome. 

The method consisted of a non-systemic literature review with a systematic search strategy. Fifteen scientific articles were included, of which seven were qualitative, seven quantitative and one used a mixed method. 

The results were generated through thematic analysis. The result consisted of three main themes, external support and structures, understanding and coping with life after ACS and internal resources and physical limitations. External support and structures focused on support in social relationships were significant others and peers could facilitate adherence through practical and emotional support. But in some cases, it could hinder lifestyle changes. It also emerged that healthcare had an influence on adherence, with focus on follow-up, continuity and cardiac rehabilitation. In the main theme of understanding and coping with life after ACS, it was emphasized how knowledge of and understanding of the disease affected how well people embraced lifestyle changes. The importance of integrating the secondary recommendations in everyday life and how time since ACS affected adherence also came to light. The last main theme internal resources and physical limitations showed how motivation and self-efficacy was of meaning for adherence and that people had different prerequisites in relation to comorbidities and socioeconomical status, which could be a barrier. 

The conclusion is that factors influencing adherence after ACS are a multidimensional area that requires more than individual responsibilities, but also organizational and structural responsibility. Nurses can play an important role by providing person-centered care to support long-term adherence.

Background: The emergency department is a complex and high-intensity care environment characterized by time pressure, high patient turnover, and rapid decision-making, which can challenge communication and patient involvement. Becoming acutely ill involves feelings of anxiety, vulnerability, and uncertainty, making communication between the nurse and the patient central to reducing the experience of exposure. Aim: The aim of this study was to highlight patients’ experiences of communication with nurses in an emergency department. Methods: The study was conducted as a literature review with a qualitative approach and was based on scientific articles identified through systematic searches in relevant databases. The selection was guided by predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the included articles were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The findings showed that communication with nurses had a significant impact on patients’ experiences of care in the emergency department. Clear and individualized information, respectful and empathetic interactions, and opportunities for dialogue contributed to patients feeling safe, involved, and acknowledged. In contrast, inadequate communication, such as insufficient information or a stressed and task-focused approach, could lead to anxiety, uncertainty, and feelings of not being prioritized. These shortcomings were partly related to organizational factors, including high workload, time constraints, and the complexity of the care environment. Conclusion: The conclusion of this literature review is that nurses’ communicative and relational skills play a crucial role in emergency care. By working in a person-centered manner and in accordance with the Fundamentals of Care framework, communication can enhance patients’ sense of safety, participation, and trust in healthcare during acute situations

Background: Emergency care constitutes a central part of the healthcare system. The environment in emergency departments is characterized by long waiting times and limited resources. Nurses working in emergency departments experience a high workload, which increases the risk that nursing care may become inadequate or be missed. To ensure safe and high-quality care, adequate organizational conditions are required, along with a personcentered approach in which patients’ needs and participation are considered.

Aim: To describe adult patients’ experiences of receiving care in an emergency department.

Method: A non-systematic literature review was applied as the method. Fifteen original articles were included: 11 qualitative, four quantitative, and one with mixed method. Data collection was conducted through systematic searches in two databases, CINAHL and PubMed. The articles were quality appraised using a structured assessment tool and analyzed through an integrated analysis to identify patterns and categories.

Results: Patients’ experiences of receiving care in an emergency department were influenced by staff attitudes, communication, pain management, and the environment. A professional approach promoted a sense of safety, trust, and participation. The emergency nurse’s professional competence was central to ensuring a safe and positive care experience. The relationship was strengthened when patients received individualized information. Inadequate pain management could reinforce feelings of insecurity and powerlessness. A hectic and noisy environment, as well as long waiting times, further increased the sense of vulnerability.

Conclusion: Patients’ experiences are shaped by both interpersonal and organizational factors. Advanced nursing competence positions the emergency specialist nurse as central in promoting patient participation and trust in care. The findings highlight that emergency care must extend beyond solely medical interventions. The emergency specialist nurse is responsible for integrating both advanced medical and nursing interventions in clinical practice

Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy mainly affects postmenopausal women. Takotsubo is usually caused by a major emotional stressor, which contributes to a temporary weakening of the heart muscle. Symptoms such as chest pain and difficulty breathing are common. The illness often occurs acutely and the heart muscle usually recovers within days to weeks. Despite this, many people experience symptoms even some time after being discharged from the hospital. 

Aim: The aim of this study was to highlight patients’ experiences in connection with takotsubo.

Method: The study is a literature review with a systematic search strategy. A total of 18 articles were included, six articles with a qualitative method, 11 articles with a quantitative method and one with a mixed method. The data was analyzed using an integrated analysis and different themes were identified. 

Findings: Some participants experienced stress and anxiety before becoming ill with takotsubo. The most common symptoms experienced in connection with becoming ill were chest pain and difficulty breathing. Many waited to seek care despite obvious symptoms because they did not want to worry loved ones and be a burden to the healthcare system. The experience from some participants was that there was a lack of knowledge among healthcare personnel regarding takotsubo and that they received insufficient information. Some participants were told that the prognosis for takotsubo was good, despite this, experiences of continued symptoms such as fatigue, remaining breathing problems and psychological problems in the form of anxiety and depression were described. Several participants experienced a lack of follow-up care after discharge from the hospital. 

Conclusion: Those affected by takotsubo are a patient group with complex care needs and they often suffer from both physical and mental health conditions. The care for these patients needs to be developed to help them with rehabilitation and to promote health.

Background: Aortic stenosis is a common valvular heart disease among older adults and may cause significant symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, and reduced physical function. For patients who are not suitable candidates for open-heart surgery, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become an established treatment option. Despite favorable medical outcomes, the disease and treatment decision may involve complex experiences for patients, where symptom burden, quality of life, and existential reflections may influence both the decision-making process and the perceived outcome of treatment.

Aim: The aim was to illuminate patients’ experiences of symptoms and the decision-makingprocess prior to TAVI, as well as how the treatment outcome was experienced after the procedure.

Method: A literature review was conducted using a systematic search strategy in the databases PubMed and CINAHL. Sixteen scientific articles with qualitative and quantitative approaches were included after quality appraisal. The included material was analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: The results show that the period prior to TAVI was characterized by a substantial symptom burden affecting physical function, independence, and social participation. The decision-making process prior to TAVI was characterized by a need for individualized information, trust in healthcare professionals, and support from relatives. For many patients, the decision also evoked existential reflections about ageing, the end of life, and the value of continued treatment. After undergoing TAVI, the majority of patients described improved physical function, reduced dyspnea, and an increased ability to return to everyday activities. At the same time, recovery varied and factors such as comorbidity, advanced age, and unrealistic expectations influenced the perceived outcome. Improvements in physical quality of life were more evident than improvements in psychological quality of life, where some patients continued to experience anxiety, low mood, or limitations despite a technically successful treatment.

Conclusion: The results suggest that TAVI not only affects hemodynamic parameters but also patients’ experiences of health, independence, and quality of life. The findings highlight the importance of person-centered care, individualized information, and structured follow-up that includes both physical and psychosocial aspects before and after the procedure.

Aim: The purpose of the literature review was to describe experiences of palliative care in people with heart failure, their family and healthcare professionals. 

Method: A non-systematic literature review with a systematic search strategy has been used. The article searches were conducted in the databases of PubMed and CINAHL with selection criteria of original articles that highlight experiences of patients, relatives, and healthcare staff no more than 10 years old. A thematic analysis has been used to analyze the articles. 

Results: The results revealed four themes from the perspectives of patients, relatives, and healthcare professionals. These were: communication/information, views on palliative care, barriers, and early integration of palliative care. The results showed a lack of knowledge about heart failure and palliative care among patients and relatives. Among healthcare professionals, the results showed a greater lack of knowledge about palliative care as well as uncertainty in conducting difficult conversations. 

Conclusion: Lack of knowledge among patients, relatives, and healthcare professionals about what palliative care is creates a misunderstanding that hinders discussion/ integrating a palliative approach. Palliative care is a topic that is difficult to discuss, but most people with heart failure prefer to know rather than live in uncertainty. Heart failure has an unpredictable disease course, which makes it difficult when serious conversations need to be held. Healthcare professionals also wish to have an honest and clear dialogue but hesitate regarding how much information should be presented and whether patients and relatives can handle discussions about palliative care. 

Background: Sudden cardiac arrest is often caused by life-threatening arrhythmias and is treated with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). ICD therapy is lifesaving but comes with a risk of medical complications, lifestyle restrictions, and psychosocial impact. Person-centered care, clear information, and the nurse’s role are crucial for increasing security, participation, and optimizing individuals’ ability to adapt when life changes.

Aim: The aim of this literature review was to explore adult persons’ experiences of living with an ICD.

Methods: The study design was a general literature review with a systematic search strategy. The included articles employed a qualitative methodology and were retrieved from the databases CINAHL and PubMed. The data analysis was based on Braun and Clarke’s six-step approach to thematic analysis.

Results: The results included 15 qualitative articles, which were divided into three main themes: To experience ICD shocks, Changes in daily life and Coping strategies and information in ICD treatment. To experience ICD shocks resulted in two subthemes: The emotional impact of ICD shocks and The physical symptoms associated with ICD shocks. Changes in daily life included three subthemes: Limitations in daily life, Adaptations to physical activity and Altered body image. The last main theme, Coping strategies and information in ICD treatment, was divided into two subthemes: To manage and accept the ICD and Experiences of information and knowledge.

Conclusion: People living with an ICD experience strong emotions, with fear being the most prominent. The fear is often linked to ICD shocks, which are described as frightening and intense. At the same time, individuals express gratitude, as the ICD provides a sense of safety and a second chance of life. Daily life is affected due to limitations resulting from the ICD treatment. Acceptance develops over time but can be achieved earlier if individuals receive support, clear information, and develop effective coping strategies. Lack of information leads to insecurity and worry.

Background: Heart failure is a chronic, progressive, and unpredictable condition associated with high symptom burden and extensive care needs. In advanced stages, care should shift toward palliative approaches focusing on symptom relief and quality of life. Family caregivers play a crucial role in care; however, their needs are often overlooked when the primary focus remains on the patient.

Aim: To explore the experiences of family caregivers living close to a person with advanced heart failure in a palliative phase.

Method: A literature review with a systematic search strategy was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Fourteen peer-reviewed original studies with qualitative and mixed-method designs were included and assessed as having high methodological quality. Data were analysed using Whittemore and Knafl’s (2005) integrative method.

Results: Three main themes and eight subthemes were identified: “daily challenges”, “uncertainty about the future”, and “communication, involvement, and support needs”. Family caregivers described a substantial caregiving responsibility associated with psychological and physical strain, as well as social and financial consequences. Their daily lives were marked by vigilance, uncertainty regarding disease progression, and difficulties in balancing caregiving with personal needs and roles. Limited understanding of the disease trajectory contributed to insufficient preparedness for end-of-life. Communication with healthcare professionals was often perceived as inadequate, which limited opportunities for involvement in care decisions.

Conclusion: Family caregivers of individuals with advanced heart failure in the palliative phase assume a central role in care while facing substantial emotional, practical, and social challenges. Insufficient support, limited involvement, and inadequate information hinder their ability to manage the situation and prepare for the disease trajectory. A deeper understanding of their experiences may support the development of more family-centred care in advanced heart failure.

Dyspnoea is described as a subjective experience of breathing‑related discomfort that causes severe physical and existential suffering for the individual. In the prehospital emergency care and in the emergency department, referred to in this study as the acute care pathway, the patient’s medical needs often receive the greatest attention. The patient perspective, encompassing, among other things, self-rated health, patient experience and quality of care, needs to be integrated throughout the entire acute care pathway. By prioritising a holistic approach to care, in which both medical and existential needs are addressed in a condition where the patient may struggle to make their voice heard, high-quality care can be promoted.

The aim was to describe how patients experience care in relation to dyspnoea throughout the acute care pathway.

The method used to address the aim was a non‑systematic literature review with an integrated analysis. Data were collected through the databases CINAHL, PubMed and PsycInfo, as well as through snowball sampling. Following quality appraisal, 15 scientific original articles were included in the analysis.

The results are presented in two categories, “Dimensions of dyspnoea” and “The significance of the care relationship for the patient experience”, which were subsequently divided into two subcategories. Patients within the acute care pathway experienced various forms of physical and existential suffering in relation to dyspnoea. They described a range of intense emotional reactions and a loss of control over both the situation and their bodies. The attitudes and approach of healthcare professionals, as well as the care environment in which patients were cared for, influenced their experiences in relation to dyspnoea. A person-centred approach was perceived as essential for achieving high-quality care.

The conclusion emphasises that dyspnoea entails a form of suffering in which anxiety and fear of death accompany the patient throughout the acute care pathway, and that each encounter with healthcare professionals has the potential to either alleviate or exacerbate this suffering. A consistent focus on the patient’s experience is crucial for the provision of holistic, high-quality care.

Background

Palliative care aims to promote quality of life through a holistic approach that addresses physical, psychological, social, and existential needs. Sexuality and intimacy are central to human identity and well-being throughout life, yet they often remain invisible within palliative care. Previous research indicates a pervasive silence surrounding these issues, in which both patients and healthcare professionals tend to avoid the topic, risking that significant needs are overlooked even at the end of life.

Aim

The aim was to explore how patients with palliative care needs experience sexuality and intimacy.

Methods

A qualitative literature review was conducted using systematic search strategies. Twelve qualitative original studies were included after quality appraisal. The data were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis.

Results

The results are based on three themes and five subthemes: The body in transition – losses and identity, Changing closeness – redefining intimacy and relationships and The silent space – lack of and need for information and support. The findings show that bodily changes, symptoms, and treatments affect patients’ opportunities for sexuality and intimacy, as well as their sense of sexual identity. As sexuality changes, intimacy and closeness are renegotiated within relationships. The findings also show that limited information and insufficient support from healthcare professionals often leave sexuality and intimacy unaddressed despite existing needs.

Conclusions

The findings of this literature review indicate that patients with palliative care needs continue to experience sexuality and intimacy as important aspects of life, closely linked to identity, autonomy, and existential meaning. Patients seek to redefine these dimensions to preserve dignity and autonomy, but silence in healthcare may hinder this process. Palliative nursing care that acknowledges sexuality and intimacy as legitimate parts of care may help improve quality of life and strengthen sense of coherence at the end of life.

Background: Sepsis is a critical illness requiring rapid assessment, effective interventions, and timely treatment. Despite clinical urgency that characterizes sepsis, in emergency care it remains essential to uphold the principles of person-centered care. Patients with sepsis and their family members’ description of care are important for understanding vulnerability, support needs, and how sepsis can be provided in a more holistic and supportive approach.

Aim: The aim was to highlight patients with sepsis and ‘family members' descriptions of care within emergency care settings.

Methods: The method applied was a non-systematic literature review with an inductive qualitative approach. The literature review applied a systematic search strategy through two electronic databases, PubMed and CINAHL. The search resulted in 15 empirical studies published in English between 2015–2025. An appraisal tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the retrieved articles prior to synthesis. An integrative analysis was adopted for data analysis.

Results: The results identified two main categories and six subcategories related to patients and family members' descriptions of care within the emergency care context. The results showed descriptions related to how care is organised, including waiting times, delayed care, lack of clarity, and limited continuity. The findings also highlighted descriptions related to communication and encounters in care, including trust, safety and participation. Overall the findings highlight patients and family members described vulnerability in acute and unfamiliar emergency care settings and expressed the need to feel heard, seen, informed, and involved.

Conclusion: The findings emphasize the importance of strengthening person-centered care for patients with sepsis and family members in emergency care environments. Great importance is placed on communication, participation, continuity, and support to improve overall care.

Background

 Current developments show that an increasing number of people with severe illnesses want to spend their final time at home as this is perceived as a safe place. Although healthcare is intended to be equal for everyone regardless of where they live, and even though organizational structures are in place to enable this, the experience is that reality in rural areas is different. Specialized palliative care improves quality of life for patients at the end of life, but in many cases these individuals do not have access to such care and must instead rely on the municipal home care nurses and their knowledge and experience. These nurses often work alone and over long distances as a part of their work environment. 

Aim 

The aim of this literature review is to describe nurses' experience of palliative care at home in rural areas. 

Methods 

A literature review with a qualitative approach was conducted to compile and analyze a selection of existing research in the subject area. This method means that you can systematically identify, evaluate, and synthesize research studies to gain a deeper understanding of a phenomenon. 15 original scientific articles with qualitative design were analysed with a structured thematic analysis according to Braun & Clarke (2006). 

Results 

The results were compiled into three main themes and four subthemes: Geographical and practical conditions, Professional balance and emotional load (subthemes: keeping a professional relationship and rewarding but stressful commitment) and feeling professional security (subthemes: Need for knowledge and the importance of teamwork). 

Conclusions 

In addition to geographical conditions with long distances and extencive travel times, the nurses also face challenges such as unclear boundaries between professional and private relationships, as rural areas often consist of small communities where everyone knows each other. Nurses providing palliative care in these areas often work alone and express a need for more knowledge and enhanced teamsupport to feel greater professional security.

Background: Myocardial infarction occurs when blood flow in the coronary arteries of the heart is blocked, resulting in oxygen deficiency that must be rapidly addressed and treated in order to minimize damage to the heart. Already during the initial period of care, measures are initiated to reduce the risk of a new myocardial infarction. The treatment recommendations include both pharmacological therapy and lifestyle changes. The lifestyle changes encompass healthy eating habits, physical activity, healthy weight, smoking cessation, and stress management. Despite the significant importance of these treatment recommendations for reducing the risk of a new myocardial infarction, studies show that adherence is often lacking among patients after a myocardial infarction. Health literacy was chosen as the theoretical framework, a perspective aimed at increasing the understanding of how individuals absorb and comprehend health‑related information. 

Aim: The aim was to investigate which factors patients perceived as influencing adherence to treatment recommendations after myocardial infarction. 

Method: The study was a narrative literature review with a systematic search strategy. Articles were searched in the databases CINAHL and PubMed. A total of 15 articles were included in the study, all with a qualitative design. The articles were quality‑assessed using a modified appraisal tool, and all included articles were of at least good quality. The analysis was conducted using thematic analysis. 

Results: The analysis revealed a range of different factors that patients described as decisive for adherence. Some factors were practical, structural, and related to organizational conditions, while others were more personal and concerned patients’ relationships and self‑image. The results are presented according to three themes: Attitude towards lifestyle changes, Resources and conditions in daily life, and Structure for support and rehabilitation. 

Conclusion: The results of the literature review show that patients experience both practical and personal factors related to following treatment recommendations after myocardial infarction. Experiencing a myocardial infarction itself was shown to be a factor, as was the change in self‑image. Some factors were linked to healthcare, such as knowledge about myocardial infarction and support from healthcare personnel. How daily life was structured, including financial circumstances, the presence of support from close relatives, and the availability of rehabilitation, were other relevant factors.

The background of this work is that violence in close relationships is a widespread public health problem affecting women`s physical, psychological, and social health. Despite many women being exposed to violence, a proportion do not seek care, often due to shame, fear, or previous negative experience from healthcare staff. Healthcare staff have a central role in identifying and supporting women exposed to violence, but lack of knowledge and uncertainty can hinder a professional management. Empathetic, and person-centred care is essential to build trust. Frameworks emphasizing relational, psychosocial, and organizational aspects highlight the importance of seeing the whole individual and creating an environment where women share experiences.

The aim of this literature review was to illuminate women`s experiences of care in emergency healthcare.

The method involved a qualitative literature review according to established guidelines. The PEO-modell was used to formulate research questions and identify relevant search terms. Sixteen peer-reviewed studies published in the last 15 years were included from PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. They were quality-reviewed using Sophiahemmet University's assessment criteria for scientific classification and analyzed based on a qualitative analysis process. All were considered well approved.

The results revealed two main categories and six subcategories. Women described uncertainty and fear regarding healthcare contact, often linked to concerns about not being believed or facing further exposure. Previous negative experiences, judgemental attitudes, and lack of confidentiality reduced trust. Culture and social norms, such as shame and a culture of silence, created  barriers. At the same time, empathetic care, continuity, and supportive relationships could create security, facilitate disclosure of violence, and strengthen women`s sense of worth and agency.

The conclusion is that women's experiences of treatment in emergency care largely determine whether they dare to talk about the violence. An empathetic and person-centered treatment in a calm environment strengthens their trust in the healthcare staff and creates security.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a collective term for life-threatening conditions caused by acute ischemia in the coronary arteries and is one of the most common reasons for contacting emergency care. The symptoms varies considerably, both physically and psychosocially, often contributing to significant uncertainty and vulnerability for the patient. Early contact with emergency services and appropriate treatment is crucial for the patients´ prognosis and survival in cases of ACS.

The aim was to illuminate the patient´s experience of suffering an acute coronary syndrome in the prehospital emergency care.

The methods used was a literature review with an integrated analysis and a systematic approach. The procedure followed Polit and Beck´s nine-step model to ensure a structured and transparent approach in the search and selection process. The PEO model was used to identify and generate key search terms based on the aim of the study. Data collection was conducted in the databases PubMed and CINAHL. T

he results were based on a total of 15 scientific articles with a qualitative approach. They were divided into three categories and eight subcategories that illuminate patients' symptoms, responses to symptoms, and seeking care. Central findings demonstrated that patients' experiences are characterized by considerable variation in both physical and psychosocially symptoms, which influenced the perception of the severity of the condition, the decision to seek care and the experience of security. Support from relatives and professional prehospital care with a humble approach was shown to contribute to security and trust. In contrast, inadequate symptom recognition and approach risked leading to insecurity, suffering related to care, and delayed contact with healthcare services.

The conclusion is that patients with ACS can experience a variety of symptoms, both physical and psychosocially. Their reactions, responses to symptoms, and choices regarding seeking contact with healthcare also differ. The connection between nursing care and medical care is of great importance to ensure that the care provided is person-centered.