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Att diagnostiseras med autismspektrumtillstånd i vuxen ålder: en litteraturöversikt
Sophiahemmet University.
Sophiahemmet University.
2023 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Diagnosis of autism spectrum condition in adulthood : a literature review (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund

Autismspektrumtillstånd [AST] har ökat i prevalens över tid. Tidigare har inte vuxna diagnostiserats med AST. Idag diagnostiseras allt fler i vuxen ålder. Att diagnostiseras med AST först i vuxen ålder medför en ökad risk för komorbida tillstånd. I och med att allt fler diagnostiseras med AST i vuxen ålder är det av intresse att förstå hur sen diagnostisering av AST kan upplevas.

Syfte

Syftet var att belysa personers upplevelser av att diagnostiseras med autismspektrumtillstånd i vuxen ålder.

Metod

En icke systematisk litteraturöversikt baserad på 16 vetenskapliga artiklar. Artikelsökningar utfördes i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. Samtliga inkluderade artiklar genomgick en kvalitetsgranskning. De inkluderade artiklarna analyserades utifrån en integrerad analys.

Resultat

Datan resulterade i fyra huvudkategorier; Erfarenheter från livet före diagnosen, Den diagnostiska processen, Den känslomässiga upplevelsen av att få diagnosen samtDiagnosens påverkan på livet. Resultatet påvisade en komplex emotionell upplevelse med flertalet upplevda barriärer till diagnostisering av AST hos personer i vuxen ålder. Upplevelsen av diagnosens betydelse varierar. Flera studiedeltagare fann stort värde i sin diagnos och upplevde att diagnosen har stor påverkan på livet samt ger ett nytt perspektiv. Andra studiedeltagare upplevde att diagnosen inte förändrat deras liv särskilt mycket.

Slutsats

I föreliggande studie framkommer en ökad känsla av sammanhang för en majoritet av personer som diagnostiseras med AST i vuxen ålder. Vidare belyser denna litteraturöversikt att den komplexa upplevelse som en sen diagnostisering innebär kräver individuellt anpassade stödåtgärder som i dagsläget upplevs som bristfälliga.

Abstract [en]

Background

Autism spectrum condition [ASC] or Autism spectrum disorder [ASD] is increasing in prevalence. Historically adults were not diagnosed with ASC. Today it is getting more common to receive the diagnosis as an adult. Comorbidities are common within the autism spectrum. Diagnosis of ASD in adulthood increases the risk of comorbidities. Since ASDs are getting more common world wide and more people are being diagnosed in adulthood it is of relevance to highlight the experiences of getting the diagnosis in early, mid and late adulthood. 

Aim

This study aimed to highlight experiences of being diagnosed with ASD in adulthood. 

Method

Non-systematic literature review based on 16 scientific articles with both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The articles were retrieved from the databases PubMed and CINAHL. All included scientific articles underwent a quality review. The included articles were analyzed through an integrated analysis.

Results

The data resulted in four main categories; Experiences from before the diagnosis, The diagnostic process, The emotional experience of receiving the diagnosis and The diagnosis’ impact on life. The results indicate a complex emotional experience. The results indicated a complex emotional experience with several perceived barriers to diagnosing ASC in adults. The experience of the significance of the diagnosis varies. Several study participants find great value in their diagnosis and feel that the diagnosis has a major impact on life and gives a new perspective. Other study participants felt that the diagnosis did not change their lives and their perspective. 

Conclusions

In the present study, an increased sense of coherence emerged for most individuals diagnosed with ASD in adulthood. Furthermore, this literature review highlights that the complex experience that a late diagnosis entails requires individually adapted support measures, of which are currently perceived as deficient.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023. , p. 32
Keywords [en]
Autism spectrum disorder, Autism spectrum condition, Late-diagnosed, Experiences, Adulthood
Keywords [sv]
Autismspektrumtillstånd, Diagnostisering, Diagnostisk process, Sen diagnostisering, Upplevelser, Vuxen ålder
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-4824OAI: oai:DiVA.org:shh-4824DiVA, id: diva2:1751165
Educational program
Sjuksköterskeprogrammet
Uppsok
Medicine
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2023-04-17 Created: 2023-04-17 Last updated: 2023-04-17Bibliographically approved

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